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PDF C30902EH Data sheet ( Hoja de datos )

Número de pieza C30902EH
Descripción High-speed solid state detectors
Fabricantes Excelitas 
Logotipo Excelitas Logotipo



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DATASHEET
Photon Detection
C30902 and C30921 Series
High-speed solid state detectors for low light level applications
The C30902EH series of avalanche photodiodes is ideal for a wide range of applications,
including LIDAR, range-finding, small-signal fluorescence, photon counting and bar code
scanning.
Excelitas Technologies’ C30902EH series of avalanche photodiodes is fabricated
with a double-diffused “reach-through” structure. This structure provides high
responsivity between 400 and 1000 nm as well as extremely fast rise and fall times
at all wavelengths. The responsivity of the device is independent of modulation
frequency up to about 800 MHz. The detector chip is hermetically-sealed behind a
flat glass window in a modified TO-18 package. The useful diameter of the
photosensitive surface is 0.5 mm.
The C30921EH is packaged in a lightpipe TO-18 which allows efficient coupling of
light to the detector from either a focused spot or an optical fiber up to 0.25 mm in
diameter. The hermetically-sealed TO-18 package allows fibers to be mated to the
end of the lightpipe to minimize signal losses without fear of endangering detector
stability. The C30902EH-2 or C30902SH-2, with hermetic TO-18 package with inline
905nm passband filter and the C30902BH, with hermetic ball lens, complete the
C30902 family.
Key Features
High quantum efficiency: 77%
typical at 830 nm
C30902SH and C30921SH can be
operated in Geiger mode
C30902EH/SH-2 version with
built-in 905 nm filter
C30902BH version with ball-lens
Hermetically sealed package
Low Noise at room temperature
High responsivity internal
avalanche gains in excess of 150
Spectral response range
(10% Q.E. points) 400 to 1000 nm
Time response typically 0.5 ns
Wide operating temperature
range -40°C to +70°C
RoHS compliant
Applications
LIDAR
Range finding
Small-signal fluorescence
Photon counting
Bar code scanning
Both C30902SH and C30921SH are selected C30902EH and C30921EH photodiodes
having extremely low noise and bulk dark-current. They are intended for ultra-low
light level applications (optical power less than 1 pW) and can be used in either
their normal linear mode (Vr < Vbr) at gains up to 250 or greater, or as photon
counters in the “Geiger” mode (Vr > Vbr) where a single photoelectron may trigger
an avalanche pulse of about 108 carriers. In this mode, no amplifiers are necessary
and single-photon detection probabilities of up to approximately 50% are possible.
Photon-counting is also advantageous where gating and coincidence techniques are
employed for signal retrieval.
www.excelitas.com

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C30902EH pdf
C30902 and C30921 Series
High-speed solid state detectors for low light level applications
Figure 4 Typical Noise current vs. Gain
1000
100
10
10
100
Gain, M [no units]
Figure 5 Typical dark current vs. operating voltage
Case temperature of 22 °C
1.E-06
1.E-07
C30902EH, C30921EH
C30902SH, C30921SH
C30902EH
C30902SH
1000
1.E-08
150 160 170 180 190 200 210 220 230
DC operating voltage, Vop [V]
www.excelitas.com
Page 5 of 14
C30902 and C30921 Series-Rev.1-2014.09

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C30902EH arduino
C30902 and C30921 Series
High-speed solid state detectors for low light level applications
Figure 16 Approximate field of view C30902 and C30921 Series
For incident radiation at angles
, the photosensitive surface is totally illuminated.
For incident radiation at angles
, but
, the photosensitive surface is partially illuminated
- TC” and “- DTC” TE Cooled version
TE cooled APD can be used for different reason (Figure 15). Most applications benefits from a -TC (single) or -DTC (dual)
version for two reasons:
1. To reduce the thermal noise for very small signal detection as described previously. The -TC version has been design
to operate the APD down to 0C whereas the -DTC version can be operated at -20C when the ambient temperature is
22C.
2. To keep a constant APD temperature no matter the ambient temperature. Because APD breakdown voltage
decreases with a decrease of temperature, the TE cooler allows a single operating voltage. Also, this configuration
allows constant APD performance over an extended ambient temperature range.
The thermistor located inside the unit can be used to monitor the APD temperature and can be used to implement a TE cooler
feedback loop to keep the APD at a constant temperature or/and to implement a temperature compensation on the APD bias
voltage. A proper heat-sink is required to dissipate the heat generated by the APD and the TE cooler.
Custom Designs
Recognizing that different applications have different performance requirements, Excelitas offers a wide range of
customization of these APDs to meet your design challenges. Dark count selection, custom device testing and packaging are
among many of the application specific solutions available
Geiger mode operation
When biased above the breakdown voltage, an avalanche photodiode will normally conduct a large current. However, if the
current is such that the current is limited to less than a particular value (about 50A for these diodes), the current is unstable
and can switch off by itself. The explanation of this behavior is that the number of carriers in the avalanche region at any one
time is small and fluctuating wildly. If the number happens to fluctuate to zero, the current must stop. If subsequently
remains off until the avalanche pulse is retriggered by a bulk or photo-generated carrier.
The “S” versions are selected to have a small bulk-generated dark-current. This makes them suitable for low-noise operation
below VBR or photon-counting above Vbr in the Geiger mode. In this so-called Geiger mode, a single photoelectron (or
thermally-generated electron) may trigger an avalanche pulse which discharges the photodiode from its reverse operating
voltage Vr to a voltage slightly below VBR. The probability of this avalanche occurring is shown in Figure 7 as the
“Photoelectron Detection Probability” and as can be seen, it increases with reverse voltage Vr. For a given value of Vr-Vbr, the
Photoelectron Detection Probability is independent of Temperature. To determine the Photon Detection Probability, it is
necessary to multiply the Photon Detection Probability by the Quantum Efficiency, which is shown in Figure 2. The Quantum
Efficiency also is relatively independent of temperature, except near the 1000 nm cut-off.
The “S” versions can be used in the Geiger mode using either “passive” or “active” pulse quenching circuits. The advantages
and disadvantages of each are discussed below.
www.excelitas.com
Page 11 of 14
C30902 and C30921 Series-Rev.1-2014.09

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