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PDF ICS1700A Data sheet ( Hoja de datos )

Número de pieza ICS1700A
Descripción QuickSaver Charge Controller for Nickel-Cadmium and Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries
Fabricantes ETC 
Logotipo ETC Logotipo



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ICS1700A
QuickSaver® Charge Controller for Nickel-Cadmium
and Nickel-Metal Hydride Batteries
General Description
The ICS1700A is a CMOS device designed for the intelligent
charge control of either nickel-cadmium (NiCd) or nickel-metal
hydride (NiMH) batteries. The controller uses a pulsed-current
charging technique together with voltage slope termination. The
ICS1700A employs a four stage charge sequence that provides a
complete recharge without overcharging. The controller has four
user-selectable charge rates available for customized charging
systems. The ICS1700A is a pin-for-pin replacement for the
original ICS1700 controller.
The ICS1700A monitors for the presence of a battery and begins
charging if a battery is installed within the first 10 seconds after a
reset. Voltage and temperature are measured to ensure a battery is
within fast charge conditions before charge is initiated.
Applications
Battery charging systems for:
- Portable consumer electronics
- Power tools
- Audio/video equipment
- Communications equipment
- Wireless handsets
Features
Multiple charge termination methods include:
- Voltage slope
- Maximum temperature
- Charge timer
Four stage charge sequence:
- Soft start charge
- Fast charge
- Topping charge
- Maintenance charge
Reverse-pulse charging available in all charge stages
Four programmable charge rates between 15 minutes (4C) and
two hours (C/2)
Out-of-temperature range detection
- Hot battery: charger shutdown
- Cold battery: low current charge
Ten second polling mode for battery detection
Battery fault with shutdown protection
Block Diagram
CHARGE
SELECT
VOLTAGE
SENSE
2.0V
TEMPERATURE
SENSE
COLD
RESET
RC
ADC
0.5V
HOT
MICROCODE CONTROL
PROCESSOR
OUTPUT
CONTROL
RAM
ROM
POLLING/
FAULT LED
CHARGE
MODE LED
TEMPERATURE
STATUS LED
CHARGE
CONTROL
DISCHARGE
CONTROL
OSCILLATOR

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ICS1700A pdf
ICS1700A
The discharge current pulse amplitude is typically set to about 2.5
times the amplitude of the charging current based on 1.4V/cell. For
example, if the charge current is 4 amps, then the discharge current
is set at about 10 amps. The energy removed during the discharge
pulse is a fixed ratio to the positive charge rate. The amplitude of
the discharge pulse does not affect the operation of the part as
described in this section.
A voltage acquisition window immediately follows a brief rest time
after the discharge pulse. No charge is applied during the rest time
or during the acquisition window to allow the cell chemistry to
settle. Since no current is flowing, the measured cell voltage is not
obscured by any internal or external IR drops or distortions caused
by excess plate surface charge. The ICS1700A makes one
continuous reading of the no-load battery voltage during the entire
acquisition window. The voltage that is measured during this
window contains less noise and is a more accurate representation
of the true state of charge of the battery.
Topping Charge
The third stage is a topping charge that applies current at a rate low
enough to prevent cell heating but high enough to ensure a full
charge.
The topping charge applies a C/10 charging current for two hours.
The current consists of the same pulse technique used during the
fast charge stage; however, the duty cycle of the pulse sequence
has been extended as shown in Figure 5. Extending the time
between charge pulses allows the same charging current used in the
fast charge stage so that no changes to the current source are
necessary. For example, the same charge pulse that occurs every
second at a 2C fast charge rate will occur every 20 seconds for a
topping charge rate of C/10. The CMN indicator flashes at a one
second rate during this stage.
Maintenance Charge
The maintenance charge is intended to offset the natural self-
discharge of NiCd or NiMH batteries by keeping the cells primed
at peak charge. After the topping charge ends, the ICS1700A
begins this charge stage by extending the duty cycle of the applied
current pulses to a C/40 rate. The maintenance charge will last for
as long as the battery voltage is greater than 0.5V at the VIN pin.
The CMN indicator flashes at a one second rate during this stage.
cycle
time
delay time
cycle
time
Figure 5: Representative timing diagram for topping and maintenance charge
5

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ICS1700A arduino
ICS1700A
To set the voltage at the THERM pin for 1.67V at 25°C, the
equivalent divider looks like Figure 9.
Table 3: Thermistor Voltage Thresholds
Parameter
Cold Battery Thermistor
Voltage
Hot Battery Thermistor
Voltage
Voltage
>2.4
<0.93
Battery
Temperature
<10°C
>45°C
Figure 9: Equivalent voltage divider
The parallel resistance R|| is calculated:
R|| = 5V - 1.67V =20k.
1.67V/10k
The internal pull-up resistance Rpu and the parallel resistance R|| are
known so the external fixed resistor can be calculated from:
Rpu R||
Rfix = __________ .
Rpu - R||
Substituting in known values: Rfix = 27.27k. A 27kstandard
value is used for Rfix.
Since the thermistor resistance Rth is specified by manufacturers at
a particular temperature, the voltage across the thermistor Vth at
that temperature can be calculated from:
Rth (5V)
Vth = __________ (5V),
Rpu + R||
with the drop across the resistor divider equal to 5V. For this
example, the calculated voltage with Rth=18kat 10°C is 2.37V
and with Rth =4.7kat 45°C the voltage is 0.95V. Table 3 lists the
internal thresholds for hot and cold battery detection. If the voltage
across the thermistor (at the THERM pin) drops below 0.93V, the
ICS1700A will shut down due to a hot battery fault condition and
will not restart unless reset. If the voltage dropped across the
thermistor is above 2.4V before fast charge is initiated, the
ICS1700A will begin a reduced current charge. See the Cold
Battery Charging section for more information.
Using a thermal switch for hot battery detection:
A thermal switch that opens at about 45°C is recommended. The
thermal switch must be connected between the THERM pin and
ground. When the thermal switch is closed, the voltage at the
THERM pin must be below 0.5V for normal operation. When the
thermal switch opens (see Figure 10), the internal pull-up at the
THERM pin will raise the voltage above 4.2V and the ICS1700A
will shut down and will not restart unless reset. Table 4 contains
the internal voltage thresholds used with a thermal switch.
VDD
Rpu = 75k
THERM pin
normally closed thermal switch
opens at 45ºC
Figure 10: Thermal switch to connection to
ground at the THERM pin
Table 4: Thermal Switch Voltage Thresholds
Parameter
Open Thermal Switch
Voltage
Closed Thermal Switch
Voltage
Voltage
>4.2
<0.5
Battery
Temperature
>45°C
<45°C
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